Sweetly nutty and gently earthy, with a rounded richness. Roasting brings a deeper toasted character, while the thin brown skin can add bitterness. Fresh cobnuts have a greener, milder flavour than fully dried kernels.
Mildly sweet, buttery and resinous, with a rounded richness. Light toasting brings a more pronounced nutty flavour; dark scorching makes the small seeds bitter.
Gently sweet and nutty, with a mellow cereal-like flavour. Roasting develops a toasted edge; boiling gives a softer, quieter character. Chestnuts are starchier and less oily in the mouth than walnuts or hazelnuts.
Rich, earthy and gently sweet, with a lightly bitter skin and an oily finish. Toasting strengthens the aroma; old or poorly stored kernels can become rancid.